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【Python】实现Windows CMD命令行彩色输出

作者:yanyahu / 发布于2014/9/10/ 856

用Python写命令行程序的时候，单一的输出颜色太单调。其实我们可以加些色彩，比如用红色表示警告，绿色表示结果正常等。网上也有几篇类似的帖子，但是没有把问题讲清楚，贴的代码也不是太清晰。这里，对Windows下CMD输出彩色进行完整的讲解和易用的代码函数使用展示。原理解析参见：http://my.oschina.net/bluefly/blog/311209


	#! /usr/bin/env python
	#coding=utf-8
	
	import ctypes,sys
	
	STD_INPUT_HANDLE = -10
	STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE = -11
	STD_ERROR_HANDLE = -12
	
	# 字体颜色定义 ,关键在于颜色编码，由2位十六进制组成，分别取0~f，前一位指的是背景色，后一位指的是字体色
	#由于该函数的限制，应该是只有这16种，可以前景色与背景色组合。也可以几种颜色通过或运算组合，组合后还是在这16种颜色中
	
	# Windows CMD命令行 字体颜色定义 text colors
	FOREGROUND_BLACK = 0x00 # black.
	FOREGROUND_DARKBLUE = 0x01 # dark blue.
	FOREGROUND_DARKGREEN = 0x02 # dark green.
	FOREGROUND_DARKSKYBLUE = 0x03 # dark skyblue.
	FOREGROUND_DARKRED = 0x04 # dark red.
	FOREGROUND_DARKPINK = 0x05 # dark pink.
	FOREGROUND_DARKYELLOW = 0x06 # dark yellow.
	FOREGROUND_DARKWHITE = 0x07 # dark white.
	FOREGROUND_DARKGRAY = 0x08 # dark gray.
	FOREGROUND_BLUE = 0x09 # blue.
	FOREGROUND_GREEN = 0x0a # green.
	FOREGROUND_SKYBLUE = 0x0b # skyblue.
	FOREGROUND_RED = 0x0c # red.
	FOREGROUND_PINK = 0x0d # pink.
	FOREGROUND_YELLOW = 0x0e # yellow.
	FOREGROUND_WHITE = 0x0f # white.
	
	
	# Windows CMD命令行 背景颜色定义 background colors
	BACKGROUND_BLUE = 0x10 # dark blue.
	BACKGROUND_GREEN = 0x20 # dark green.
	BACKGROUND_DARKSKYBLUE = 0x30 # dark skyblue.
	BACKGROUND_DARKRED = 0x40 # dark red.
	BACKGROUND_DARKPINK = 0x50 # dark pink.
	BACKGROUND_DARKYELLOW = 0x60 # dark yellow.
	BACKGROUND_DARKWHITE = 0x70 # dark white.
	BACKGROUND_DARKGRAY = 0x80 # dark gray.
	BACKGROUND_BLUE = 0x90 # blue.
	BACKGROUND_GREEN = 0xa0 # green.
	BACKGROUND_SKYBLUE = 0xb0 # skyblue.
	BACKGROUND_RED = 0xc0 # red.
	BACKGROUND_PINK = 0xd0 # pink.
	BACKGROUND_YELLOW = 0xe0 # yellow.
	BACKGROUND_WHITE = 0xf0 # white.
	
	
	
	# get handle
	std_out_handle = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE)
	
	def set_cmd_text_color(color, handle=std_out_handle):
	 Bool = ctypes.windll.kernel32.SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, color)
	 return Bool
	
	#reset white
	def resetColor():
	 set_cmd_text_color(FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_BLUE)
	
	###############################################################
	
	#暗蓝色
	#dark blue
	def printDarkBlue(mess):
	 set_cmd_text_color(FOREGROUND_DARKBLUE)
	 sys.stdout.write(mess)
	 resetColor()
	
	#暗绿色
	#dark green
	def printDarkGreen(mess):
	 set_cmd_text_color(FOREGROUND_DARKGREEN)
	 sys.stdout.write(mess)
	 resetColor()
	
	#暗天蓝色
	#dark sky blue
	def printDarkSkyBlue(mess):
	 set_cmd_text_color(FOREGROUND_DARKSKYBLUE)
	 sys.stdout.write(mess)
	 resetColor()
	
	#暗红色
	#dark red
	def printDarkRed(mess):
	 set_cmd_text_color(FOREGROUND_DARKRED)
	 sys.stdout.write(mess)
	 resetColor()
	
	#暗粉红色
	#dark pink
	def printDarkPink(mess):
	 set_cmd_text_color(FOREGROUND_DARKPINK)
	 sys.stdout.write(mess)
	 resetColor()
	
	#暗黄色
	#dark yellow
	def printDarkYellow(mess):
	 set_cmd_text_color(FOREGROUND_DARKYELLOW)
	 sys.stdout.write(mess)
	 resetColor()
	
	#暗白色
	#dark white
	def printDarkWhite(mess):
	 set_cmd_text_color(FOREGROUND_DARKWHITE)
	 sys.stdout.write(mess)
	 resetColor()
	
	#暗灰色
	#dark gray
	def printDarkGray(mess):
	 set_cmd_text_color(FOREGROUND_DARKGRAY)
	 sys.stdout.write(mess)
	 resetColor()
	
	#蓝色
	#blue
	def printBlue(mess):
	 set_cmd_text_color(FOREGROUND_BLUE)
	 sys.stdout.write(mess)
	 resetColor()
	
	#绿色
	#green
	def printGreen(mess):
	 set_cmd_text_color(FOREGROUND_GREEN)
	 sys.stdout.write(mess)
	 resetColor()
	
	#天蓝色
	#sky blue
	def printSkyBlue(mess):
	 set_cmd_text_color(FOREGROUND_SKYBLUE)
	 sys.stdout.write(mess)
	 resetColor()
	
	#红色
	#red
	def printRed(mess):
	 set_cmd_text_color(FOREGROUND_RED)
	 sys.stdout.write(mess)
	 resetColor()
	
	#粉红色
	#pink
	def printPink(mess):
	 set_cmd_text_color(FOREGROUND_PINK)
	 sys.stdout.write(mess)
	 resetColor()
	
	#黄色
	#yellow
	def printYellow(mess):
	 set_cmd_text_color(FOREGROUND_YELLOW)
	 sys.stdout.write(mess)
	 resetColor()
	
	#白色
	#white
	def printWhite(mess):
	 set_cmd_text_color(FOREGROUND_WHITE)
	 sys.stdout.write(mess)
	 resetColor()
	
	##################################################
	
	#白底黑字
	#white bkground and black text
	def printWhiteBlack(mess):
	 set_cmd_text_color(FOREGROUND_BLACK | BACKGROUND_WHITE)
	 sys.stdout.write(mess)
	 resetColor()
	
	#白底黑字
	#white bkground and black text
	def printWhiteBlack_2(mess):
	 set_cmd_text_color(0xf0)
	 sys.stdout.write(mess)
	 resetColor()
	
	
	#黄底蓝字
	#white bkground and black text
	def printYellowRed(mess):
	 set_cmd_text_color(BACKGROUND_YELLOW | FOREGROUND_RED)
	 sys.stdout.write(mess)
	 resetColor()
	
	
	##############################################################
	
	if __name__ == '__main__':
	
	 print
	 printDarkBlue(u'printDarkBlue:暗蓝色文字\n'.encode('gb2312'))
	 printDarkGreen(u'printDarkGreen:暗绿色文字\n'.encode('gb2312'))
	 printDarkSkyBlue(u'printDarkSkyBlue:暗天蓝色文字\n'.encode('gb2312'))
	 printDarkRed(u'printDarkRed:暗红色文字\n'.encode('gb2312'))
	 printDarkPink(u'printDarkPink:暗粉红色文字\n'.encode('gb2312'))
	 printDarkYellow(u'printDarkYellow:暗黄色文字\n'.encode('gb2312'))
	 printDarkWhite(u'printDarkWhite:暗白色文字\n'.encode('gb2312'))
	 printDarkGray(u'printDarkGray:暗灰色文字\n'.encode('gb2312'))
	 printBlue(u'printBlue:蓝色文字\n'.encode('gb2312'))
	 printGreen(u'printGreen:绿色文字\n'.encode('gb2312'))
	 printSkyBlue(u'printSkyBlue:天蓝色文字\n'.encode('gb2312'))
	 printRed(u'printRed:红色文字\n'.encode('gb2312'))
	 printPink(u'printPink:粉红色文字\n'.encode('gb2312'))
	 printYellow(u'printYellow:黄色文字\n'.encode('gb2312'))
	 printWhite(u'printWhite:白色文字\n'.encode('gb2312'))
	
	 printWhiteBlack(u'printWhiteBlack:白底黑字输出\n'.encode('gb2312'))
	 printWhiteBlack_2(u'printWhiteBlack_2:白底黑字输出（直接传入16进制参数）\n'.encode('gb2312'))
	 printYellowRed(u'printYellowRed:黄底红字输出\n'.encode('gb2312'))

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