线程进程总结(线程调用带参数的方法)代码,CSharp代码库,德仔网

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【CSharp】线程进程总结(线程调用带参数的方法)
作者:Dezai.CN / 发布于2012/10/25/ 688
线程进程总结(线程调用带参数的方法)
<div>新建一个线程，执行一个无参无返回值的方法。</div>
<div>/// <summary></div>
<div>/// 线程调用的方法，无参无返回值</div>
<div>/// </summary></div>
<div>private void ThreadMethod()</div>
<div>{ }
<div>启动线程：</div>
<div>using System.Threading;</div>
<div>ThreadStart threadStart = new ThreadStart(ThreadMethod);</div>
<div>Thread thread = new Thread(threadStart);</div>
<div>thread.Start();</div>
<div>thread.Abort();</div>
<div>如果需要执行带参数的线程：</div>
<div>msdn中推荐的方法是间接调用</div>
<div>class  thd</div>
<div>{</div>
<div>  int  x;</div>
<div>  int  y;</div>
<div>  public  thd(int  xx,  int  yy){x=xx;y=yy;}
<div>  public  void  thstart(){  start(x,  y);}
<div>  public  void  start(int  a,  int  b){...}
<div></div>
<div>}
<div>thd  t  =  new  thd(3,4);</div>
<div>TheadStart  myd  =  new  TheadStart(t.thstart);</div>
<div>在 .NET Framework 2.0 版中，要实现线程调用带参数的方法有两种办法。</div>
<div></div>
<div>第一种：使用ParameterizedThreadStart。</div>
<div></div>
<div>调用 System.Threading.Thread.Start(System.Object) 重载方法时将包含数据的对象传递给线程。</div>
<div></div>
<div>使用 ParameterizedThreadStart 委托不是传递数据的类型安全的方法，因为 System.Threading.Thread.Start(System.Object) 方法重载接受任何对象。</div>
<div></div>
<div>这种方法不推荐使用，故在此不做详细介绍，具体用法参见：http://msdn2.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/system.threading.parameterizedthreadstart(VS.80).aspx</div>
<div></div>
<div>ParameterizedThreadStart ParStart = new ParameterizedThreadStart(ThreadMethod);</div>
<div>Thread myThread = new Thread(ParStart);</div>
<div>object o = "hello";</div>
<div>myThread.Start(o);</div>
<div></div>
<div>//ThreadMethod如下:</div>
<div>public void ThreadMethod(object ParObject)</div>
<div>{</div>
<div>  //程序代码</div>
<div>}
<div>复制代码</div>
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div>第二种：将线程执行的方法和参数都封装到一个类里面。通过实例化该类，方法就可以调用属性来实现间接的类型安全地传递参数。</div>
<div></div>
<div>具体代码如下（本示例来自MSDN)</div>
<div></div>
<div>using System;</div>
<div>using System.Threading;</div>
<div></div>
<div>//ThreadWithState 类里包含了将要执行的任务以及执行任务的方法</div>
<div>public class ThreadWithState {</div>
<div>  //要用到的属性，也就是我们要传递的参数</div>
<div>  private string boilerplate;</div>
<div>  private int value;</div>
<div></div>
<div>  //包含参数的构造函数</div>
<div>  public ThreadWithState(string text, int number)</div>
<div>  {</div>
<div>    boilerplate = text;</div>
<div>    value = number;</div>
<div>  }
<div></div>
<div>  //要丢给线程执行的方法，本处无返回类型就是为了能让ThreadStart来调用</div>
<div>  public void ThreadProc()</div>
<div>  {</div>
<div>    //这里就是要执行的任务,本处只显示一下传入的参数</div>
<div>    Console.WriteLine(boilerplate, value);</div>
<div>  }
<div>}
<div></div>
<div>//用来调用上面方法的类，是本例执行的入口</div>
<div>public class Example {</div>
<div>  public static void Main()</div>
<div>  {</div>
<div>    //实例化ThreadWithState类，为线程提供参数</div>
<div>    ThreadWithState tws = new ThreadWithState(</div>
<div>      "This report displays the number {0}.", 42);</div>
<div></div>
<div>    // 创建执行任务的线程，并执行</div>
<div>    Thread t = new Thread(new ThreadStart(tws.ThreadProc));</div>
<div>    t.Start();</div>
<div>    Console.WriteLine("Main thread does some work, then waits.");</div>
<div>    t.Join();</div>
<div>    Console.WriteLine(</div>
<div>      "Independent task has completed; main thread ends."); </div>
<div>  }
<div>}
<div>复制代码</div>
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div>============================================================================</div>
<div></div>
<div>方法一：</div>
<div>在VS2003中，也不能直接访问，参看 </div>
<div>一般来说，直接在子线程中对窗体上的控件操作是会出现异常，这是由于子线程和运行窗体的线程是不同的空间，因此想要在子线程来操作窗体上的控件，是不可能 简单的通过控件对象名来操作，但不是说不能进行操作，微软提供了Invoke的方法，其作用就是让子线程告诉窗体线程来完成相应的控件操作。 </div>
<div></div>
<div>现在用一个用线程控制的进程条来说明，大致的步骤如下： </div>
<div></div>
<div>1．创建Invoke函数，大致如下： </div>
<div>/// <summary> </div>
<div>/// Delegate function be invoked by main thread </div>
<div>/// </summary> </div>
<div>private   void   InvokeFun() </div>
<div>{ </div>
<div>  if(prgBar.Value< 100) </div>
<div>  prgBar.Value = prgBar.Value + 1; </div>
<div>} </div>
<div></div>
<div>2．子线程入口函数： </div>
<div>/// <summary> </div>
<div>/// Thread function interface </div>
<div>/// </summary> </div>
<div>private void ThreadFun() </div>
<div>{ </div>
<div>  // Create invoke method by specific function</div>
<div>  MethodInvoker mi = new MethodInvoker(this.InvokeFun); </div>
<div></div>
<div>  for(int i=0; i<100; i++) </div>
<div>  { </div>
<div>   this.BeginInvoke(mi);  </div>
<div>   Thread.Sleep(100); </div>
<div>  } </div>
<div>}
<div></div>
<div>3.创建子线程： </div>
<div>Thread thdProcess = new Thread(new ThreadStart(ThreadFun)); </div>
<div>thdProcess.Start(); </div>
<div></div>
<div>备注： </div>
<div>  using System.Threading; </div>
<div>  private System.Windows.Forms.ProgressBar prgBar; </div>
<div></div>
<div>方法二：</div>
<div>加入该句：Control.CheckForIllegalCrossThreadCalls = False  取消线线程安全保护模式！</div>
<div></div>
<div>方法三：带参数</div>
<div>使用类、类的方法或类的属性都可以向线程传递参数：</div>
<div>public class UrlDownloader</div>
<div>{</div>
<div>  string url;</div>
<div></div>
<div>  public UrlDownloader (string url)</div>
<div>  {</div>
<div>   this.url = url;</div>
<div>  }
<div></div>
<div>  public void Download()</div>
<div>  {</div>
<div>   WebClient wc = new WebClient();</div>
<div>   Console.WriteLine("Downloading " + url);            </div>
<div>   byte[] buffer = wc.DownloadData (url);</div>
<div>   string download = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(buffer);</div>
<div>   Console.WriteLine(download);</div>
<div>   Console.WriteLine("Download successful.");</div>
<div> </div>
<div>   //这里你可以将download进行保存等处理......</div>
<div>  }
<div>}
<div></div>
<div>[... 在另一个类中使用它们...]</div>
<div>      </div>
<div>UrlDownloader downloader = new UrlDownloader (yourUrl);</div>
<div>new Thread (new ThreadStart (downloader.Download)).Start();</div>
<div></div>
<div>注意参数是如何传递的。</div>
<div></div>
<div>方法四：带参数</div>
<div>ThreadStart starter = delegate { Download(yourUrl); };</div>
<div>new Thread(starter).Start();</div>
<div></div>
<div>//使用线程池</div>
<div>WaitCallback callback = delegate (object state) { Download ((string)state); };</div>
<div>ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem (callback, yourUrl);</div>
<div></div>
<div>方法五：带参数</div>
<div>Thread t = new Thread (new ParameterizedThreadStart(DownloadUrl));</div>
<div>t.Start (myUrl);</div>
<div>static void DownloadUrl(object url)</div>
<div>{</div>
<div> // ....</div>
<div>}
<div></div>
<div>C#进程操作</div>
<div>总结一下进程的新建和终止的操作过程。看代码：</div>
<div></div>
<div>  public int CallPhoneExe(string arg) //arg为进程的命令行参数</div>
<div>   { WaitHandle[] waits =new WaitHandle[2]; //定义两个WaitHandle值，用以控制进程的执行过程</div>
<div>      waits[0] = HSTOP; //AutoResetEvent HSTOP = new AutoResetEvent(false);</div>
<div>      waits[1] = GlobalStop;//AutoResetEvent GlobalStop = new AutoResetEvent(false);</div>
<div>      int iReturn=0;</div>
<div>      Process p = new Process();//新建一个进程</div>
<div>      p.StartInfo.Arguments = arg; //进程的命令行参数</div>
<div>      p.StartInfo.FileName = filepath;//进程启动路径</div>
<div>     </div>
<div>      p.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;//不显示新进程的窗口</div>
<div>      p.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;//输出重定向</div>
<div>      p.StartInfo.RedirectStandardError = true;  //Redirect the error ouput!</div>
<div>      p.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;</div>
<div>      p.StartInfo.WindowStyle = System.Diagnostics.ProcessWindowStyle.Hidden;</div>
<div></div>
<div>      p.EnableRaisingEvents = true;</div>
<div>      p.Exited += new EventHandler(p_Exited); //进程自然结束后启动p&mdash;Exited事件</div>
<div>      p.OutputDataReceived += new DataReceivedEventHandler(ChangeOutput);//进程有输出时，启动ChangeOutPut函数   </div>
<div></div>
<div>      p.Start();//进程启动</div>
<div>      p.BeginOutputReadLine();</div>
<div></div>
<div>      int hstop = WaitHandle.WaitAny(waits);//启动线程暂停，知道WaitHandle中传来有效信号</div>
<div>      switch (hstop)//判断信号是又哪个</div>
<div>      {</div>
<div>        case 0: //进程自然结束</div>
<div>          if (p.WaitForExit(2000))</div>
<div>            iReturn = p.ExitCode; //获取进程的返回值</div>
<div>          else</div>
<div>          {</div>
<div>            CloseProcess();</div>
<div>            iReturn = -2;</div>
<div>          }
<div>          break;</div>
<div>        case 1: //进程被迫结束</div>
<div>          p.Kill();//杀掉进程</div>
<div>          if (!p.HasExited)</div>
<div>          {            </div>
<div>            p.Kill();</div>
<div>          }          </div>
<div>          iReturn = -3;</div>
<div>          break;</div>
<div>      }
<div>      HSTOP.Reset(); //HSTOP复位，这个变量指示进程自然结束，每次结束后都得自然复位     </div>
<div>      p.Close(); //创建的p关闭</div>
<div>      return iReturn;     </div>
<div>    }
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div>    private void p_Exited(object sender, EventArgs e)</div>
<div>    {</div>
<div>      HSTOP.Set();</div>
<div>    }
<div></div>
<div>//输出重定向函数</div>
<div>private void ChangeOutput(object sendingProcess, DataReceivedEventArgs outLine)</div>
<div>    {</div>
<div>      if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(outLine.Data)) //字符串不为空时</div>
<div>        MainForm.FireWriteText(outLine.Data,false);//将进程的输出信息转移</div>
<div>    }
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div>上面总结了新建一个进程的步骤。结束进程的方法可以采用在主线程中将GlobalStop变量设置有效信号，这样就会调用p.kill()</div>
<div></div>
<div>在系统的所有进程中找寻指定进程的方法：</div>
<div></div>
<div>  foreach (Process p in Process.GetProcesses())</div>
<div>      {</div>
<div>        if (p.ProcessName == "specialProcess")</div>
<div>        {</div>
<div>          //do smth</div>
<div></div>
<div>        }
<div>         </div>
<div>      }
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